Transcript · English → Chinese
Hemp as a Sustainable Fuel Source
架子上，并将一些看起来像食用油的 东西 倒进了一辆小型柴油拖拉机里。
引擎第一次尝试就发动了， 毫不迟疑，没有呛咳，没有黑烟。
我站在那里等了15分钟，等它熄火， 但它根本没有。当我问他
是在哪里买的燃料时，他看着我， 仿佛我问了兰开斯特县最愚蠢的问 题。
他指着谷仓后面的一片田地。 他说：“这是我种的。”就在那一刻，一 切
都为我改变了。这种植物是汉麻，工 业大麻， 大麻。而且我需要明确
说明一些事情，因为汉麻和娱乐大麻 之间的混淆 是故意被制造
出来的。工业大麻的THC含量 低于百分之零点三。这就是
精神活性化合物。 你就算抽掉一整捆工业大麻，也只会 觉得
在美国任何地方， 工业大麻都像玉米、大豆一样合法，
像小麦一样合法。 但在该联邦法案出台前的80年里，大 麻一直被视同
毒品。而原因绝对与任何人吸毒嗨起 来无关。 这完全
与燃料和金钱有关。 对于在美国拥有这两者比谁都多的 人来说，让我先从
一种植物的实际作用开始讲起。 因为一旦你理解了这一点，接下来的 故事会
让你感到愤怒。按重量计算， 大麻籽含有大约30%到35%的油。这种 油可以
通过简单的冷榨法提取， 就像人们榨橄榄油或葵花籽油的榨 油机一样。一旦
有了油，就可以通过一个基本的化学 过程 将其转化为生物柴油
这个过程称为酯交换反应。将大麻籽 油 与甲醇和少量的碱液混合，
碱液起催化剂的作用。混合物发生反 应， 并分离成两层。上层是粗
生物柴油。下层是甘油，可以用来做 肥皂。 你用水清洗生物柴油
并晾干，然后就可以直接倒入 任何制造出来的柴油发动机中。这不 需要
不需要改装或特殊的发动机，任何柴 油发动机都可以。 因为柴油发动机最初
根本就不是设计来烧石油的， 鲁道夫·狄塞尔于19世纪90年代在
德国制造了他的发动机。他于1892年2 月28日 申请了专利。他的论文题目是《理论 与
《构建替代蒸汽机的合理热机》。他将 其称为压燃
发动机。他设想的燃料是货架上的植 物油，并倒入了一些看起来像
End of transcript · 456 words · machine translated
Original transcript (English)
shelf and poured something that looked like cooking oil into a small diesel tractor. The engine turned over on the first try, no hesitation, no cough, no black smoke. I stood there for 15 minutes waiting for it to stall. It never did. And when I asked him where he bought the fuel, he looked at me like I had asked the dumbest question in Lancaster County. He pointed to a field behind the barn. I grew it, he said. That was the moment everything
changed for me. The plant is hemp, industrial hemp, cannabis sativa. And I need to be clear about something right now, because the confusion between hemp and marijuana was manufactured on purpose. Industrial hemp contains less than three-tenths of one percent THC. That is the psychoactive compound. You could smoke an entire bale of industrial hemp and feel nothing but a industrial hemp anywhere in the United States. It is as legal as corn, as legal as soybeans,
as legal as wheat. But for 80 years before that federal bill, hemp was treated the same as a narcotic. And the reason had absolutely nothing to do with anyone getting high. It had everything to do with fuel and money. And for men who had more of both than anyone else in America, let me start with what one plant actually does. Because once you understand this, the rest of the story will make you angry. Hemp seeds contain roughly 30 to 35 percent oil by weight. That oil can be extracted
with a simple cold press, the same kind of press people use for olive oil or sunflower oil. Once you have the oil, it can be converted into biodiesel through a basic chemical process called transesterification. You mix the hemp seed oil with methanol and a small amount of lye, which acts as a catalyst. The mixture reacts. It separates into two layers. The top layer is raw biodiesel. The bottom layer is glycerin, which you can use to make soap. You wash the biodiesel
with water, let it dry, and it is ready to pour into any diesel engine ever manufactured. Not a modified engine, not a special engine, any diesel engine. Because the diesel engine was never designed to run on petroleum in the first place, Rudolf Diesel built his engine in the 1890s in Germany. He filed his patent on the 28th of February 1892. His paper was titled Theory and Construction of a Rational Heat Engine to Replace the Steam Engine. He called it a compression
ignition engine. The fuel he envisioned was plant oil off a shelf and poured something that looked
