Transcript · English → Chinese
English → Chinese transcript
从历史上看，如果你去找治疗者，他 们会开始重建你的基础——
健康。
因此，如果你一千年前去找草药师， 他们会携带历时数万年的——
口述传统和知识，这些是通过多代实 践巩固起来的。
实践。
因此，那时的草药师或治疗者会带来 对这种关系的深刻理解——
人体与其周围自然之间，以及自然将 如何帮助该身体——
恢复健康。
所以，这一切都是关于让身体重新扎 根，并依靠大自然的丰饶。
而这种状况一直持续到大约1910年。
所以，大约一百年前发生了一个突然 的转变，而这个转变发生在——
在美国，石油巨头罗克菲勒家族等人 支持了一项项目，
最终被称为弗莱克斯纳报告。
他们雇了一位名叫弗莱克斯纳的医 生，而这份报告基本上是一项努力，
去谴责或妖魔化此前所有的疾病治 疗方式。
因此，草药学、针灸以及你能想到的 任何可追溯到四千年、九千年历史的疗法
的做法都被一概视为巫术且危险。
于是展开了一场大规模宣传，宣称只 有现代医学才能治愈你。
弗莱克斯纳报告所界定的“现代医学 ”就是小分子合成药物。
也就是那些从自然中提取并作为新 药申请专利的分子。
在那个时代，最大的重磅药物是阿司 匹林。
当时最畅销的超级药物是阿司匹林。
因此，水杨酸是一种天然存在的化合 物，拜耳制药最终能够把它作为一种合成的、或经过加工的水杨酸衍生物来申请专利。
最终把它作为合成的或经加工的水 杨酸衍生物申请了专利。
基本上，你取走自然的一部分并加以 改造，
让它与自然本来的状态略有不同，然 后你就可以为它申请专利。
因此，通过对分子进行纯化然后改造 ，我们可以创造出非天然的化合物。
而一旦它是非天然化合物，你就可以 为它申请专利，并保护那项知识产权。
所以阿司匹林成了一个极其成功的 药物，
很大程度上是因为我们没有监测并 发症。
End of transcript · 398 words · machine translated
Original transcript (English)
Historically, if you went to a healer, they would start rebuilding your foundation of health. And so, if you went to an herbalist a thousand years ago, they would be carrying tens of thousands of years of oral tradition and knowledge that had been consolidated through multi-generational practice.
And so, an herbalist or a healer at the time would bring a deep understanding of the relationship between the human body and its nature around it and how nature was going to serve that body back to its health. And so, it's all about regrounding the body and the abundance of nature. And this really persisted all the way up until about 1910.
So, a hundred years ago, there was a sudden shift that happened, and it happened in the United States as the oil tycoons, Rockefellers and others, got behind a project that would be called ultimately the Flexner Report. They hired a doctor named Dr. Flexner, and this report went into basically an effort to damn or demonize all previous medical management of disease.
And so, herbalism, acupuncture, anything you can think of dating back 4,000, 9,000 years of practice was all copped as witchcraft and dangerous. So there's a huge campaign around, it's only modern medicine that's going to work to heal you. And what the Flexner Report defined as modern medicine was small molecule synthetics.
And so, molecules that were being derived from nature and patented as new drugs. And at the time, the big mega drug was aspirin. And so, salicylic acid is a naturally occurring compound, and Bayer Pharmaceuticals was able to patent that as a synthetic, ultimately, or a processed substrate of salicylic acid. Basically, you're taking a piece of nature and you're manipulating it so that it's slightly
different than nature intended, and then you can patent it. And so, by purifying and then manipulating molecules, we can create a non-natural compound. And if it's non-natural compound, then you can patent it, and you can protect that IP. So aspirin became a bonkers successful drug, largely because we weren't monitoring the complications.
