English transcript

If you want to do something really innovative,

you have to apply first principles analysis,

and you look at the most fundamental truths in—in a particular arena,

the things that really are

almost indisputably correct, um,

and you reason up from there to a conclusion.

If you see that that conclusion is at—is

at odds with—with what people generally believe, then you have an opportunity.

But if you really want to innovate,

you must reason from first principles to identify the problem.